Concentration of emulsion has a significant influence on the working performance and service life of hydraulic supports.In this paper, existing approaches of emulsion concentration detection were analyzed. Based on liquid refration index CCD Method of measurement for the refractive index of fluid, an automatic measurement device for the refractive index of emulsion was developed, and then the relationship between concentration and refractive index of emulsion has been investigated by experimental study through the developed device.According to the theory of light scattering suspension, a method for determining the concentration of emulsion by measuring the refractive index of emulsion was proposed.Finally, the on-line detecting method based on optical refractive principle has been studied.