SEBARAN BENTENG KOLONIAL EROPA DI PESISIR BARAT PULAU HALMAHERA: JEJAK ARKEOLOGIS DAN SEJARAH PEREBUTAN WILAYAH DI KESULTANAN JAILOLO

Abstract

The range of European domination in North Maluku had been traced by the distribution of archaeological fortress. The distribution of fortress in Northern Maluku can be found in the west coast of Halmahera Island as the center in past periode of the Sultanate Jailolo. Based on the background, this paper aims to reveal the distribution of fort on the west coast of Halmahera and historical context of the distribution of the fort in the region. Through descriptive method by using historical analogies approach obtained a description of the distribution pattern of the fort and the role of regions based on the position of forts on the western coast of Halmahera. At least, there are eight locations of those fortress, such as Gamkonora, Sahu, Gofasa, Gamlamo/Jailolo, Sidangoli, Dodin- ga, Oba, and Payahe. The role of each points of this location has different function and, including Gamkonora and Sahu at the north and Dodinga and Oba which is located in the south serves as a surveillance area to keep Gufasa and Gamlamo fortress in the mid- dle. Based on the distribution data can be seen the role of fortress each other Gamlamo as a center of power Jailolo, Sahu as buffer zones, as well Dodinga and Gamkonora as a fortress of frontier guards.

Keywords

• castle, colonial, sultanate jailolo