Applied Sciences (Aug 2021)

Multilateration Approach for Wide Range Visible Light Indoor Positioning System Using Mobile CMOS Image Sensor

  • Md Habibur Rahman,
  • Mohammad Abrar Shakil Sejan,
  • Wan-Young Chung

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167308
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 16
p. 7308

Abstract

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Visible light positioning (VLP) is a cost-effective solution to the increasing demand for real-time indoor positioning. However, owing to high computational costs and complicated image processing procedures, most of the existing VLP systems fail to deliver real-time positioning ability and better accuracy for image sensor-based large-area indoor environments. In this study, an effective method is proposed to receive coordinate information from multiple light-emitting diode (LED) lights simultaneously. It provides better accuracy in large experimental areas with many LEDs by using a smartphone-embedded image sensor as a terminal device and the existing LED lighting infrastructure. A flicker-free frequency shift on–off keying line coding modulation scheme was designed for the positioning system to ensure a constant modulated frequency. We tested the performance of the decoding accuracy with respect to vertical and horizontal distance, which utilizes a rolling shutter mechanism of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor image sensor. The experimental results of the proposed positioning system can provide centimeter-level accuracy with low computational time, rendering it a promising solution for the future direction of large-area indoor positioning systems.

Keywords