ESTABLISHMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF VETERINARY AND SANITARY SUPERVISION OF KYIV IN THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURY

Abstract

Information on the formation of veterinary and sanitary supervision in Kyiv since the end of the 19th century is given. By 1888, there were 17 small private abattoirs in Kyiv, scattered throughout the city. The abattoirs were located in yards and dirty barns, where cattle were primitively slaughtered and no importance was attached to veterinary and sanitary supervision. These abattoirs caused great dissatisfaction among the urban population and the Kyiv City Duma decided to close the existing abattoirs and open city abattoirs, i.e. to form a regulated institution that would adhere to highly humane tasks, the responsibility for which is assigned on veterinarians. To clarify the issues of veterinary and sanitary supervision at city abattoirs in 1899, a special subcommittee was appointed, the chairman of which was elected a member of the Sanitary Commission A. K. Stolpchevskyi. The subcommittee was set a task to develop instructions for veterinarians responsible for the veterinary and sanitary situation at Kyiv city abattoirs, which was carried out by the Sanitary Commission. It was only in 1899 that purely veterinary supervision was separated from sanitary supervision. For the proper organization of veterinary and sanitary supervision in 1909, mandatory resolutions were introduced, which included the rules of arrangement and maintenance of abattoirs. These resolutions introduced a uniform procedure in the abattoir business. In 1900, the city veterinarian M. K. Kobylyanskyi proposed to expand the veterinary staff in Kyiv and introduce mandatory resolutions on the keeping of farms and dairy cattle. For the first time, in 1901, according to the resolution of the Kyiv Governor, a koumiss and kefir establishment began to function in the village of Pushcha Vodytsia, which was under the subordination of veterinary and sanitary supervision. However, the resolution on the supervision of cowsheds, dairy farms, koumiss establishments, and individual farms engaged in the sale of milk and dairy products in Kyiv was issued only in 1916

Keywords

• city abattoirs
• veterinary and sanitary condition
• abattoir business
• control and trichinosis station
• dairy business