Lexicographic continuum lexeme to sulk (Дуться)

Abstract

The language picture of the world, as a result of the constantly evolving linguistic spiritual activity of man, is fixed in the language, its semantics, and also in the language system results and features of man’s cognition of the surrounding world and of himself as a whole are imprinted. The picture of the world can not be performed in a language that is unfamiliar to man, just as it can not include phenomena unknown and not realized by man. Therefore, at present, linguistic studies related to the study of concepts and conceptual fields in diachronic and synchronic aspects are so relevant. These studies are based on data from various dictionaries, such as historical, explanatory, phraseological, dialectal, etymological, word-building, etc. In this article, we consider the fixation of the lexeme ‘to sulk’ in the etymological, historical, dialectal, explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language and dictionaries of synonyms. Language analysis of the lexeme allows us to establish the peculiarities of the lexical and semantic scope of this definition in different historical epochs, as well as to trace the diachronic and synchronic development of the language as a whole. A detailed examination of the lexico-semantic volume of the verb in question makes it possible to more accurately determine its meaning in the context of literary monuments. On the basis of the data obtained as a result of the analysis of a sufficient number of linguistic material, it is possible to draw certain conclusions: 1) the verb under study is of ancient Pro-Slavic origin, 2) with the development of the language, the semantic volume of the lexeme is gradually expanding, 3) the largest number of meanings is recorded in the dictionary of the modern Russian literary language

Keywords

• lexeme
• definition
• lexico-semantic volume
• language material
• etymology
• dictionaries
• language picture of the world