Cisplatin induces differentiation in teratomas derived from pluripotent stem cells

Atsushi Kurata; Masakatsu Takanashi; Shin-ichiro Ohno; Koji Fujita; Masahiko Kuroda

Regenerative Therapy (Dec 2021)

Cisplatin induces differentiation in teratomas derived from pluripotent stem cells

Atsushi Kurata,
Masakatsu Takanashi,
Shin-ichiro Ohno,
Koji Fujita,
Masahiko Kuroda

Affiliations

Atsushi Kurata: Corresponding author. Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan. Fax: +81 3 3351-6173.; Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Masakatsu Takanashi: Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Shin-ichiro Ohno: Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Koji Fujita: Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Masahiko Kuroda: Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 18
pp. 117 – 126

Abstract

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Introduction: Currently, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be induced to differentiate at the cellular level but not to form mature tissues or organs suitable for transplantation. ESCs/iPSCs form immature teratomas after injection into immunodeficient mice. In humans, immature teratomas often transform into fully differentiated mature teratomas after administration of anticancer agents. Methods: We first investigated the ability of cisplatin to induce changes in mouse ESCs/iPSCs in vitro. Next, we designed experiments to analyze ESC/iPSC-derived immature teratoma tissue in vivo after treatment of cisplatin. Groups of six mice carrying ESC- or iPSC-derived teratomas were given either low or high dose intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, while the control group received saline for 4 weeks. Results: Treatment of ESC/iPSC cultures with cisplatin for 3 days caused a dose-related decrease in cell numbers without inducing any morphological changes to the cells. ESC/iPSC-derived teratomas showed lower growth rates with a significantly higher mature components ratio in a concentration dependent manner after cisplatin treatment (P < 0.05); however, immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated a significantly reduced PCNA labelling index and an increase in an apoptosis marker on immature neural components (P < 0.05) along with emergence of h-Caldesmon+ mature smooth muscle cells in treated mice. Moreover, newly differentiated components not found in the control group, such as mature adipose tissue, cartilage, and pancreas, as well as striated muscle, salivary glands, gastric mucosa with fundic glands, and hair follicles emerged. The identities of these components were confirmed by immunostaining for specific markers. Conclusions: Cisplatin has the ability to reduce immature components in ESC/iPSC-derived teratomas, presumably through apoptosis, and also to induce them to differentiate.

Published in Regenerative Therapy

ISSN: 2352-3204 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Medicine: Medicine (General); Science: Biology (General): Cytology
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/regenerative-therapy/

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