Metabolic syndrome and its impact on functioning in participants with schizophrenia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is shown to be high in patients with schizophrenia when compared to the general population. Metabolic syndrome can itself increase the morbidity and mortality in these patients who already have other risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its correlation with sociodemographic profile, with severity of schizophrenia and functionality in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and Methodology: A total of 100 patients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary care center were assessed for metabolic syndrome in this cross-sectional study. The severity of schizophrenia was assessed using positive and negative syndrome scale, and global assessment of functioning (GAF) and social and occupational functioning assessment scale (SOFAS) were used to assess functionality. Results: Mean age of the participants (n = 100) was 35.12 years (standard deviation = 10.7) with mean duration of schizophrenia being 8.3 years (standard error = 0.58). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37%. Metabolic syndrome was more commonly seen in relatively older participants (P < 0.00), females (P = 0.002), homemakers (P = 0.006), with longer duration of schizophrenia (P = 0.013), and with longer duration of treatment (P = 0.027). The mean score of GAF and SOFAS in the participants with metabolic syndrome was low, suggesting poor functioning. Conclusion: Identification of metabolic syndrome needs to be further stressed as the functioning is impaired due to it.

Keywords

• Functionality
• metabolic syndrome
• schizophrenia