Heliyon (Jun 2024)
Instructional guidelines and group discussion effects on new nurses’ competency regarding nursing care of preterm infants
Abstract
Background: Premature birth was once one of the leading causes of infant mortality. Premature infants require improved medical and nursing skills from a highly competent nursing team. Purpose: This investigation aimed to assess the effects of instructional guidelines and group discussion on new nurses’ competency in preterm infants caring at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: A single-anonymized, two-group pre-test and post-test study design was accompanied in 2022. The study was accompanied for 50 newly graduated nurses concerned with competence in nursing management of preterm infants at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in two hospitals: Al-Namas General Hospital, KSA, and the Pediatric Hospital of Assiut University, Egypt. Two groups were randomly selected from among the nurses to be trained on preterm infant nursing care competence either through an instructional guideline or group discussion. Nursing attitudes and practices were measured before and after training using questionnaires and checklists. Results: There was no significant difference between the instructional guideline group and the group discussion in the mean total score of attitudes (11.72 and 14.65, P = 0.455) and practices (14.36 and 14.80, P = 0.494) towards caring for preterm infants before intervention. While mean nurses’ attitude and practice scores increased significantly in both groups after the intervention, in the discussion group, nurses' practice scores increased significantly (p = 0.001). Still, there were no significant changes in the instructional guideline group (P = 0.202). Conclusion: Both methods were effective on the newly graduated nurses' attitude; however, the instructional guidelines did not affect their practice regard nursing care of preterm infants. However, group discussion training techniques can effectively improve the nurses’ attitude and practice toward nursing care of preterm infants. Relevance to clinical practice: The group discussion training method should be the approved and proven method for hospitals to train new nurses to increase clinical practices, especially during nursing care for premature infants, because this method has proven its worth in increasing the skill of nurses. It enables a group to talk about a specific subject and exchange personal stories. This approach involves a group leader facilitating communication and interaction between participants.
