Separation and structural elucidation of a novel vardenafil analogue as an adulterant in a natural health care dietary supplement

Abstract

A novel vardenafil analogue was identified in dietary supplement as an adulterant in herbal formulations. The structure of this analogue was elucidated using HRMS, NMR after extraction from the pulverized powder. It was named morphardenafil as a morpholine ring has replaced the N-ethyl piperazine ring in vardenafil. A tablet of this dietary supplement contained about 50 mg of unspecified morphardenafil, which is 2.5 – 20-times the prescriptive dosage of Levetra, the commercial formulation of the vardenafil monohydrochloride salt in the market and probably places unwary consumers at risk for potentially serious adverse effects or drug-drug interaction (DDI).

Keywords

• Vardenafil analogue
• PDE-5 inhibitor
• Dietary supplement
• Adulterants
• Morpholine ring
• HRMS