The spectrum problem for digraphs of order 4 and size 5

Abstract

The paw graph consists of a triangle with a pendant edge attached to one of the three vertices. We obtain a multigraph by adding exactly one repeated edge to the paw. Now, let \(D\) be a directed graph obtained by orientating the edges of that multigraph. For 12 of the 18 possibilities for \(D\), we establish necessary and sufficient conditions on \(n\) for the existence of a \((K^{*}_{n},D)\)-design. Partial results are given for the remaining 6 possibilities for \(D\).

Keywords

• spectrum problem
• digraph decompositions