Infection and Drug Resistance (Oct 2020)
Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Hydrogen Peroxide Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Farms and Beef Slaughterhouses in Egypt
Abstract
Fatma A El-Gohary,1 Lina Jamil M Abdel-Hafez,2 Amira I Zakaria,3 Radwa Reda Shata,3 Amin Tahoun,4 Amany El-Mleeh,5 Eman A Abo Elfadl,6 Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy7,8 1Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, October 6 City, Giza, Egypt; 3Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; 4Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshkh University, Kafrelsheikh 33511, Egypt; 5Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheibin Elkom 32511, Egypt; 6Department of Animal Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth (Biostatistics), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; 7Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of León (ULE), León 24071, Spain; 8Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, EgyptCorrespondence: Fatma A El-Gohary Email [email protected] Kotb ElmahallawyDepartment of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, EgyptEmail [email protected]: The last few decades have witnessed a rapid and global increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) emergence.Methods: The aim of the current study is to isolate the most common MDR bacteria from dairy farms and beef slaughterhouses followed by evaluation of their antimicrobial resistance pattern and assessment of the antibacterial activity of AgNPs-H2O2 as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. In this regard, 200 samples were collected from two dairy farms and one beef slaughterhouse located in Dakhliya Governorate, Egypt.Results: Interestingly, out of 120 collected samples from dairy farms, the prevalence of the isolated strains was 26.7, 23.3, 21.7, 16.7, and 11.7% for S. typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Meanwhile, the overall prevalence was 30, 25, 22.5, 17.5, and 5% for E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae, respectively, for the 80 samples collected from a beef slaughterhouse. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern elucidated that all isolated strains exhibited resistance to at least four of the tested antimicrobials, with multiple-antibiotic resistance index values (MAR) ranging between 0.44 and 0.88. Furthermore, the commercial AgNPs-H2O2 product was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and zeta potential that showed spherical particles with a surface charge of − 0.192 mV. The antimicrobial activity of synergized nano-silver (AgNP) with H2O2 product toward MDR strains was assessed via measuring minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill curve.Conclusion: The present data report high prevalence rates of MDR pathogens in dairy farms and abattoirs. More importantly, AgNPs-H2O2 exerted broad-spectrum bactericidal activity toward MDR bacterial strains, suggesting their promising usage as safe, ecofriendly, cost-effective antibacterial agents. To our knowledge, this study is a pioneer in investigating the potential alternative antimicrobial role of silver nanoparticles for control of multiple drug-resistant pathogens in Egypt.Keywords: MDR pathogens, MIC, MBC, time-kill curve, AgNPs-H2O2
