Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Jul 2011)
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHOLE RICE, BROKEN RICE, AND SOYBEAN EXTRACTS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DE EXTRATOS DE ARROZ INTEGRAL, QUIRERA DE ARROZ E SOJA
Abstract
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Hydrosoluble extracts are vegetable drinks with a commercial nutritional appeal, concerning health aspects, like absence of animal fats and high minerals contents. This study aimed to compare the physical and chemical characteristics of whole rice, broken rice, and soybean hydrosoluble extracts. The analyses (in triplicate) were pH, soluble solids content, moisture, ashes, proteins, lipids, total carbohydrates, calcium, magnesium, cupper, manganese, iron, zinc, and caloric value. The broken rice extract presented the highest carbohydrates content (3.17 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) and the lowest value for ashes (0.58 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), proteins (0.73 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), lipids (0.41 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), and caloric value (17.28 kcal 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), while the whole rice extract showed the highest pH (6.77) and intermediate values for calcium (1.2 mg 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) and magnesium (1.69 mg 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">). The soybean extract presented the highest contents of all minerals, ashes (0.84 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), proteins (2.51 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), lipids (1.05 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), and caloric value (68.34 kcal 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), but the lowest value for carbohydrates (2.62 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">). Despite its lower nutritional value, when compared to the soybean extract, the whole and broken rice extracts can be viable alternatives for replacing milk or soybean extract, by people with any kind of lactose intolerance or soybean protein allergy.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif] --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Extratos hidrossolúveis são bebidas de origem vegetal, que possuem apelo comercial nutricional, quanto aos aspectos de saúde, como ausência de gorduras animais e altos teores de minerais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar as características físico-químicas de extratos hidrossolúveis de arroz integral, quirera de arroz e soja. As análises (em triplicata) foram: pH, teor de sólidos solúveis, umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, carboidratos totais, cálcio, magnésio, cobre, manganês, ferro, zinco e valor energético. O extrato de quirera de arroz apresentou o maior teor de carboidratos (3,17 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) e o menor teor de cinzas (0,58 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), proteínas (0,73 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), lipídeos (0,41 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) e valor energético (17,28 kcal 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), enquanto o extrato de arroz integral apresentou o maior valor de pH (6,77) e valores intermediários de cálcio (1,2 mg 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) e magnésio (1,69 mg 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">). O extrato de soja se destacou com maiores valores de todos os minerais, cinzas (0,84 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), proteínas (2,51 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), lipídeos (1,05 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">) e valor energético (68,34 kcal 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">), porém, menor valor de carboidratos (2,62 g 100 g</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><sup><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span></sup></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">). Apesar do menor valor nutricional, quando comparado ao extrato de soja, os extratos de arroz integral ou de quirera de arroz são alternativas alimentares viáveis à substituição do leite ou do extrato de soja, para pessoas que possuam intolerância à lactose e/ou alergia às proteínas da soja.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Keywords
