Dyslipidemia and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Adnan Kemal,1,* Melese Sinaga Teshome,2,* Mohammed Ahmed,3 Meseret Molla,1 Tabarak Malik,4 Jemmal Mohammed,5 Kalkidan Hassen Abate2,* 1Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Defense University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; 3Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 4Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 5Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Melese Sinaga Teshome; Adnan Kemal Email [email protected]; [email protected]: The development of antiretroviral drugs and subsequent access to combined antiretroviral therapy contributed to the decline in morbidity and mortality rates associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, resulting in an increased life expectancy and improved quality of life for people living with human immunodeficiency virus. However, a cluster of metabolic derangements such as dyslipidemia is increasing, especially for those on antiretroviral therapy. Limited studies were done on the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia which demand the conduct of the present investigation entitled on the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018.Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed between March and April 2018. Systematic sampling method was used to select 353 study participants. Pretested stepwise approach of the World Health Organization questionnaire (WHO Stepwise), document review, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory analysis were used to collect data on different variables under the study. Collected data were entered in Epidata version 3 and analyzed by SPSS version 21.Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among study participants was 74.8%. Female participants were twice and half at risk of developing dyslipidemia compared to males (AOR= 2.38; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.66). Similarly, compared to those attended college level of education, not attended formal education (AOR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.66), and having primary/secondary educational level (AOR= 0.33; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.66) showed lower odds to develop dyslipidemia. Furthermore, WHO clinical stage II (AOR= 0.35; 95% CI: 0.14,0.92), stage III (AOR=0.25; 95% CI:0.10,0.64), duration on ART (AOR= 1.01; 95% CI: 1.001,1.02), and BMI (AOR =1.13; 95% CI: 1.06,1.23) were significantly associated with dyslipidemia.Conclusion: There exists a high prevalence of dyslipidemia among study participants. Sex, educational status, WHO clinical stage, duration on ART, and BMI were significantly associated factors for dyslipidemia. Intervention strategies including the identified factors are demanded in the setting.Keywords: dyslipidemia, HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral therapy, Ethiopia

Keywords

• dyslipidemia
• hiv/aids
• antiretroviral therapy
• ethiopia