Urbanization associates with restricted gut microbiome diversity and delayed maturation in infants
Francesco Morandini,
Kevin Perez,
Loic Brot,
Sidy Mohammed Seck,
Laurence Tibère,
Jean-Pierre Grill,
Enguerran Macia,
Philippe Seksik
Affiliations
Francesco Morandini
Biology department, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
Kevin Perez
Biomedical Sciences department, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
Loic Brot
Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroentérologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France
Sidy Mohammed Seck
Internal medicine/Nephrology department, Faculty of Health Sciences and IRL-3189 “Environnement, Santé, Sociétés”, University Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis 00234, Senegal
Laurence Tibère
Centre d'Études et de Recherche: Travail, Organisation, Pouvoir (CERTOP) UMR CNRS 5044, Université de Toulouse, 31013 Toulouse, France
Jean-Pierre Grill
Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France
Enguerran Macia
International Research Laboratory ''Environnement, Sant, Socits'' (CNRS / UCAD / UGB / USTTB / CNRST), Dakar, Senegal; Unit Mixte de Recherche 7268 Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Sant (CNRS / AMU / EFS), Aix-Marseille, France
Philippe Seksik
Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroentérologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France; Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, 75571 Paris, France; Corresponding author
Summary: Alterations of the microbiome are linked to increasingly common diseases such as obesity, allergy, and inflammatory bowel disease. Post-industrial lifestyles are thought to contribute to the gut microbiome alterations that cause or aggravate these diseases. Comparing communities across the industrialization spectrum can reveal associations between gut microbiome alterations and lifestyle and health, and help pinpoint which specific aspect of the post-industrial lifestyle is linked to microbiome alterations. Here, we compare the gut microbiomes of 60 mother and infant pairs from rural and urban areas of Senegal over two time points. We find that urban mothers, who were more frequently overweight, had different gut microbiome compositions than rural mothers, showing an expansion of Lachnospiraceae and Enterobacter. Urban infants, on the other hand, showed a delayed gut microbiome maturation and a higher susceptibility to infectious diseases. Thus, we identify new microbiome features associated with industrialization, whose association with disease may be further investigated.
