Cerium oxide nanoparticles inhibit the migration and proliferation of gastric cancer by increasing DHX15 expression

Abstract

Yu-Feng Xiao,1 Jian-Mei Li,2 Su-Min Wang,1 Xin Yong,1 Bo Tang,1 Meng-Meng Jie,1 Hui Dong,1 Xiao-Chao Yang,2 Shi-Ming Yang1 1Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of tumor-related deaths in the world. Current treatment options do not satisfy doctors and patients, and new therapies are therefore needed. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have been studied as a potential therapeutic approach for treating many diseases. However, their effects on human gastric cancer are currently unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the effects of CNPs on human gastric cancer cell lines (MKN28 and BGC823). Gastric cancer cells were cocultured with different concentrations of CNPs, and proliferation and migration were measured both in vitro and in vivo. We found that CNPs inhibited the migration of gastric cancer cells when applied at different concentrations, but only a relatively high concentration (10 µg/mL) of CNPs suppressed proliferation. Furthermore, we found that CNPs increased the expression of DHX15 and its downstream signaling pathways. We therefore provide evidence showing that CNPs may be a promising approach to suppress malignant activity of gastric cancer by increasing the expression of DHX15. Keywords: cerium oxide nanoparticles, gastric cancer, DHX15, p38

Keywords

• Cerium oxide nanoparticles
• gastric cancer
• DHX15
• p38