Clinical impact of cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with suspected coronary artery disease associated with chronic kidney disease (AQUAMARINE-CKD study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Teruo Noguchi,
Hideki Ota,
Naoya Matsumoto,
Yoshiaki Morita,
Akira Oshita,
Eiji Kawasaki,
Tomohiro Kawasaki,
Kensuke Moriwaki,
Shingo Kato,
Kazuki Fukui,
Tomoya Hoshi,
Hiroaki Watabe,
Tomoaki Kanaya,
Yasuhide Asaumi,
Yu Kataoka,
Fumiyuki Otsuka,
Kensuke Takagi,
Shuichi Yoneda,
Kenichiro Sawada,
Takamasa Iwai,
Hideo Matama,
Satoshi Honda,
Masashi Fujino,
Hiroyuki Miura,
Kunihiro Nishimura,
Kei Takase
Affiliations
Teruo Noguchi
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Hideki Ota
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital
Naoya Matsumoto
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Nihon University Hospital
Yoshiaki Morita
Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Akira Oshita
Department of Cardiology, Ehime Prefectural Imabari Hospital
Eiji Kawasaki
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Shin-Koga Hospital
Tomohiro Kawasaki
Cardiovascular and Heart Rhythm Center, Shin-Koga Hospital
Kensuke Moriwaki
Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University
Shingo Kato
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center
Kazuki Fukui
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center
Tomoya Hoshi
Cardiovascular Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
Hiroaki Watabe
Cardiovascular Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
Tomoaki Kanaya
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital
Yasuhide Asaumi
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Yu Kataoka
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Fumiyuki Otsuka
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Kensuke Takagi
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Shuichi Yoneda
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Kenichiro Sawada
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Takamasa Iwai
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Hideo Matama
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Satoshi Honda
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Masashi Fujino
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Hiroyuki Miura
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Kunihiro Nishimura
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Kei Takase
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
Abstract Background Although screening for coronary artery disease (CAD) using computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with stable chest pain has been reported to be beneficial, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) might have limited benefit due to complications of contrast agent nephropathy and decreased diagnostic accuracy as a result of coronary artery calcifications. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a novel imaging modality for detecting coronary stenosis and high-risk coronary plaques without contrast media that is not affected by coronary artery calcification. However, the clinical use of this technology has not been robustly evaluated. Methods AQUAMARINE-CKD is an open parallel-group prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial of 524 patients with CKD at high risk for CAD estimated based on risk factor categories for a Japanese urban population (Suita score) recruited from 6 institutions. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive a CMR examination that includes non-contrast T1-weighted imaging and coronary magnetic angiography (CMR group) or standard examinations that include stress myocardial scintigraphy (control group). Randomization will be conducted using a web-based system. The primary outcome is a composite of cardiovascular events at 1 year after study examinations: all-cause death, death from CAD, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal ischemic stroke, and ischemia-driven unplanned coronary intervention (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass surgery). Discussion If the combination of T1-weighted imaging and coronary magnetic angiography contributes to the risk assessment of CAD in patients with CKD, this study will have major clinical implications for the management of patients with CKD at high risk for CAD. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) 1,052,210,075. Registered on September 10, 2021.