Etiology, risk factors, and prognosis of patients with syncope: A single‐center analysis

Abstract

Abstract Objective To investigate the main causes, risk factors, and prognosis of patients hospitalized with syncope. Methods The patients admitted due to syncope were included. We analyzed the etiology, risk factors, and prognosis of patients with an average follow‐up of 15.3 months. Results High‐risk factors for cardiogenic syncope included age ≥60, male, hypertension, palpitation, troponin T‐positive, abnormal ECG, CHD history, and syncope‐related trauma. Mortality rate was 4.6%, recurrence rate of syncope was 10.5%, and the rehospitalization rate was 8.5%. Univariate analysis showed that prognosis of syncope was related to age ≥60 years old, hypertension, positive troponin T, abnormal electrocardiogram, and coronary heart disease (p < .05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that age ≥60 years old (p = .021) and high‐sensitivity troponin‐positive (p = .024) were strongly related to the prognosis of syncope. Kaplan–Meier curve showed statistical difference in the survival rate between the groups divided by age ≥60 years (p = .028), hs‐TnT‐positive (p < .001), abnormal ECG (p = .027), and history of CHD (p = .020). Conclusion High‐risk factors for cardiogenic syncope included age ≥60, male, hypertension, palpitation, troponin T‐positive, abnormal ECG, CHD family history, and syncope‐related trauma. Age, hypertension, troponin T‐positive, abnormal ECG, and CHD history were associated with the prognosis of syncope.

Keywords

• clinical etiology
• follow‐up
• risk factor
• syncope