Cardiac tamponade as the first clinical sign of gastric adenocarcinoma: a rare condition

Abstract

Cardiac tamponade originating from a primary gastric cancer (GC) is a rare condition. Patients are generally asymptomatic until the disease is advanced. We report a rare patient with cardiac tamponade as the first manifestation of primary GC. A 46-year-old male was admitted with progressive dyspnea. Cardiac tamponade was diagnosed on two-dimensional ultrasonographic echocardiography. Pericardiocentesis yielded 1500 ml of bloody fluid. Pericardial cytologic examination was positive for malignant cells. The patient underwent abdominal computed tomography scan, which showed thickening of the gastric wall and several mesenteric lymph nodes. Endoscopic examination of the stomach disclosed malignant ulcer along the lesser curvature, and the biopsy showed diffuse type adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy was initiated by the Oncology Department, and he had no pericardial effusion after six courses of systemic chemotherapy. In conclusion, this is a rare condition and difficult to diagnosis early. Thus, physicians should be aware of malignancy of the stomach when patients present with unexplained cardiac manifestations.

Keywords

• adenocarcinoma/diagnosis
• cardiac tamponade; pericardial effusion/diagnosis; stomach neoplasms.