Revaccination in Age-Risk Groups with Sputnik V Is Immunologically Effective and Depends on the Initial Neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies Level
Mikhail A. Godkov,
Darya A. Ogarkova,
Vladimir A. Gushchin,
Denis A. Kleymenov,
Elena P. Mazunina,
Evgeniia N. Bykonia,
Andrei A. Pochtovyi,
Valeriy V. Shustov,
Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov,
Andrey G. Komarov,
Alexander N. Tsibin,
Vladimir I. Zlobin,
Denis Y. Logunov,
Alexander L. Gintsburg
Affiliations
Mikhail A. Godkov
Department of Laboratory Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow 129090, Russia
Darya A. Ogarkova
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Vladimir A. Gushchin
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Denis A. Kleymenov
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Elena P. Mazunina
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Evgeniia N. Bykonia
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Andrei A. Pochtovyi
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Valeriy V. Shustov
Department of Laboratory Diagnostics of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow 129090, Russia
Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Andrey G. Komarov
Moscow Healthcare Department, The Moscow City Government, Moscow 127006, Russia
Alexander N. Tsibin
Moscow Healthcare Department, The Moscow City Government, Moscow 127006, Russia
Vladimir I. Zlobin
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Denis Y. Logunov
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Alexander L. Gintsburg
Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia
Vaccination against COVID-19 has occurred in Russia for more than two years. According to the Russian official clinical guidelines to maintain tense immunity in the conditions of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to use booster immunization six months after primary vaccination or a previous COVID-19 contraction. It is especially important to ensure the maintenance of protective immunity in the elderly, who are at risk of severe courses of COVID-19. Meanwhile, the immunological effectiveness of the booster doses has not been sufficiently substantiated. To investigate the immunogenicity of Sputnik V within the recommended revaccination regimen and evaluate the effectiveness of booster doses, we conducted this study on 3983 samples obtained from individuals previously vaccinated with Sputnik V in Moscow. We analyzed the level of antibodies in BAU/mL three times: (i) six months after primary immunization immediately before the booster (RV), (ii) 3 weeks after the introduction of the first component of the booster (RV1), and (iii) 3 weeks after the introduction of the second component of the booster (RV2). Six months after the primary vaccination with Sputnik V, 95.5% of patients maintained a positive level of IgG antibodies to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. The degree of increase in the specific virus-neutralizing antibodies level after revaccination increased with a decrease in their initial level just before the booster dose application. In the group of people with the level of antibodies up to 100 BAU/mL six months after the vaccination, a more than eightfold increase (p p p p < 0.05), regardless of the previous COVID-19 infection. Thus, revaccination is most effective in individuals with an antibody level below 500 BAU/mL, regardless of the vaccinee age and COVID-19 contraction. For the first time, it has been shown that a single booster dose of the Sputnik vaccine is sufficient to form a protective immunity in most vaccinees regardless of age and preexisting antibody level.
