The influence of phytobiotic feed additive on the gut microbiome of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract

Under conditions of intensive fish cultivation, phytobiotic consumption will neutralize such phenomena as a decrease in the immune and antioxidant status of the body, an increase in productivity by improving consumption, digestibility, assimilation of feed, normalization of intestinal microflora, and homeostasis in general. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of the phytobiotic "Probiocid-Phyto" on the growth performance and gut microbiome of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The inclusion of the phytobiotic "Probiocide-Phyto" in the diet of fish had a productive effect on the growth of fish, for eight weeks of the experiment there was recorded an increase in fish weight relative to the control up to 17.3 % (P≤0.05). An analysis of the composition of the intestinal microbiota showed that changes in the ratio of the main groups of microorganisms may be one of the factors contributing to the rapid growth of fish. The introduction of Probiocide-Phyto into the diet of fish contributed to an increase in the intestinal microbiota of bacteria of the taxa Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota by 17.2% and 10.7%, respectively. The main changes in the intestinal microbiota of fish were associated with changes in the number of bacteria of genus Aurantimicrobium (- 23%), unclassified_Bacillota (- 10.1%), genus Polynucleobacter (- 17.3%), genus Aeromonas (+ 33.1%) and genus Pseudaeromonas (+ 5.97%). A decrease in the number of bacteria was noted in the classes unclassified_Bacillota, Betaproteobacteria and Actinomycetota.