PLoS ONE (Jan 2020)

Clinical characteristics of re-positive COVID-19 patients in Huangshi, China: A retrospective cohort study.

  • Ji Zhou,
  • Jingying Zhang,
  • Juan Zhou,
  • Honggang Yi,
  • Zichen Lin,
  • Yu Liu,
  • Min Zhu,
  • Hongyu Wang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Hai Xu,
  • Hangping Jiang,
  • Zhengzhong Xiang,
  • Ze Qu,
  • Yuemei Yang,
  • Linjuan Lu,
  • Shuai Guo,
  • Heng Fu,
  • Ian M Adcock,
  • Yu Wei,
  • Xin Yao

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241896
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 11
p. e0241896

Abstract

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A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) underwent repeated positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA tests after they were discharged from the hospital. We referred to them as re-positive (RP) patients in this study. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients in a retrospective cohort study. After being treated for COVID-19, the patients underwent 14 days of quarantine following their discharge from the Huangshi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Huangshi Hospital of Youse. Two additional sequential SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests were performed at the end of quarantine. The median age of the 368 patients was 51 years, and 184 (50%) patients were female. A total of 23 RP patients were observed at follow-up. Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, risk factors associated with RP included a higher ratio of lymphocyte/white blood cell on admission (adjusted HR 7.038; 95% CI, 1.911-25.932; P = 0.0034), lower peak temperature during hospitalization (adjusted HR, 0.203; 95% CI, 0.093-0.443; P<0.0001), and the presence of comorbidities, particularly hypertension or chronic diseases in the respiratory system (adjusted HR, 3.883; 95% CI, 1.468-10.273; P = 0.0063). Antivirus treatment with arbidol was associated with a lower likelihood of re-positive outcomes (adjusted HR, 0.178; 95% CI, 0.045-0.709; P = 0.0144).