Journal of Experimental Pharmacology (Mar 2023)
Anti-Diabetic Activities of Hydro-Methanolic Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Heteromorpha arborescens (Apiaceae) Leaves in Mice
Abstract
Yeshiwas Guadie Zeleke,1 Seyfe Asrade Atnafie,2 Tezera Jemere Aragaw2 1College of Medicine and Health Sciences Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tezera Jemere Aragaw, Tel +251918773670, Fax +2510581141240, Email [email protected]: Heteromorpha arborescens has been used to treat diabetes traditionally. There was no in vivo study to support the claim. This study aimed to confirm anti-diabetic activity of 80% methanol in water extract and solvent fractions of H. arborescens leaves in mice.Methods: H. arborescens leaves were macerated and extracted in 80% methanol in water. Hydro-methanol extract of H. arborescens leaves were tested in mice models. Overnight fasted mice were randomly divided into five groups for normoglycemic and glucose-loaded models as a negative control, positive control, and three tested groups, whereas, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic models, the mice were grouped into six groups each comprised six mice: diabetic negative control and normal negative control groups treated with 10 mL/kg distilled water, diabetic positive control group treated with Glibenclamide 5 mg/kg and three diabetic tested groups treated with extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses. A one-way ANOVA was performed to analyze the data, and the post hoc Tukey’s test was utilized for multiple comparisons. The P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Hydro-methanol extract of H. arborescens leaves at 400 mg/kg in normoglycemic mice significantly lowered blood glucose levels (BGLs) (P< 0.01). Mice with oral glucose-loaded test lowered BGLs at dosages of 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05) and 400 mg/kg (P < 0.01) respectively. Single-dose of ethyl acetate, n-hexane fractions and hydro-methanol extract at 100 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg reduced BGLs (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, and P < 0.01) respectively. BGL drops in diabetic mice given daily repeated doses of 200 mg/kg of hydro-methanol extract and 400 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction (P < 0.001). Diabetic mice gained weight at a 400 mg/kg hydro-methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) respectively. Hydro-methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction and at 200 mg/kg decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein and increased high-density lipoprotein (P < 0.001).Conclusion: 80% methanol in water extract and solvent fractions of H. arborescens leaves showed anti-diabetic effects and significantly reduced hyperlipidemia in diabetics, this study supported the traditional usage of H. arborescens for treating diabetes; however, species variation could also limit such a straightforward extrapolation of the findings of this study in humans.Keywords: antidiabetic, Heteromorpha arborescens, in vivo
