Global Pediatric Health (Oct 2023)

The Study of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Children With Epilepsy on Anti-Epileptic Drugs

  • Khaled Amin Nasef MD,
  • Moustafa Kotb Elmala MD,
  • Alsayed Mohamed Sayed Ahmed MD,
  • Ashraf Hamed Al-shokary MD,
  • Asmaa Obada Ibrahim MD,
  • Naglaa M. Kamal MD,
  • Hany Abdelaziz Suliman MD,
  • Nageh Shehata Ismail MD,
  • Ahmed Sobhi MD,
  • Hatem Hamed Elshorbagy MD,
  • Ahmed Maher Abdelnasser MD,
  • Ahmed Abdallah Torky MD,
  • Waleed Elsayed Abdelghani MD

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231200205
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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Objectives . To evaluate carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and lipid profile in children with epilepsy on long-term antiepileptic drug (AED) monotherapy. Methods . We included 60 children with epilepsy receiving valproate, carbamazepine, or levetiracetam monotherapy and 60 controls. A high-resolution B-mode ultrasound was used to measure (CIMT). Measurement of serum lipids was done. Results . Patients on valproate (0.44 ± 0.03, P ≤ .001), carbamazepine (0.43 ± 0.03with P ≤ .001), and levetiracetam (0.44 ± 0.02 with P ≤ .001) monotherapy showed significantly higher CIMT compared to controls. CIMT was correlated with age ( P = .041, r = .112) AEDs{valproate ( P = .005, r = .731), carbamazepine ( P = .038, r = .365), and levetiracetam ( P = .036, r = .155)}, duration of treatment ( P = .001, r = .313), TC( P = .001, r = .192), TG ( P = .014, r = .018), and LDL ( P = .001, r = .219). HDL ( P = .003, r = −.126). Seizure severity and Apo A1 were insignificantly involved. Conclusion . Long-term monotherapy with valproate, carbamazepine, and levetiracetam in epileptic children was associated with significant abnormalities in CIMT.