Nuclear Energy and Technology (Dec 2016)
Degenerate optimization problems and competitiveness of NPPs
Abstract
Optimization of large systems in economy and power generation produces multi-dimensional degenerate solutions [1,2]. This implies the need to deal with very serious mathematical complications. On the other hand, it allows regarding future development of power generation as combined operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs), power plants (PPs) fueled with coal and gas-fueled power plants. Systems optimization of NPP parameters is necessary in order to accomplish this goal. If PP of certain type fails to be included in the optimal plan of development of electric power generation system it means that by definition is it not optimal and, hence, it is not competitive. NPP can succeed to be included in the optimal plan of development of electric power generation system. In such case, if in locally-optimal plans of development of electric power generation system the nuclear power units (NPPs) put into operation earlier interrupt after operation under load during certain period generation of power (power supply) to “zero” for the time interval exceeding the time period required for implementation of scheduled maintenance operations it signifies that the chosen parameters and operation modes are not optimal. Such NPPs will demonstrate competitiveness only during time intervals when the electric power system allows them to be operated under load. If nuclear power units (NPPs) put into operation during earlier stages stop their work (are removed from operation) before expiration of the design service life for any reasons which are not associated with “moral” ageing of equipment it also signifies that the chosen parameters and operation modes are not optimal. It signifies as well the failure of these NPPs to demonstrate their competitiveness. NPP which is included in the optimal plan of development of electric power generation system and was operated without interruptions under load during the design service life can be regarded as competitive. Since, as it was demonstrated by the performed systems optimization calculations of power generation in Russia, the examined options of NPPs with fast reactors (SVBR-100, BN-1200 (three-circuit), BREST-1200) appeared to be included not into all optimal plans, there is a place for certain doubts that the chosen parameters of the NPPs and the associated nuclear fuel cycles (NFCs) are not competitive although strenuous multi-parameter research in this direction is ongoing during already several decades.
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