Caspase-4 Directly Activates Caspase-9 in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Induced Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Cells

Abstract

The present study investigated the function of caspase-4 in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced apoptosis in human neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y. Tunicamycin, which is known to induce ER stress, activated both caspase-9 and caspase-4, and the activation of caspase-4 preceded that of caspase-9. The caspase-4 inhibitor LEVD-CHO suppressed both the apoptosis and caspase-9 activation. In addition, human recombinant active caspase-4 cleaved wild type and D330A mutant substituted Asp-330 for alanine of human recombinant procaspase-9, but did not cleave D315A mutant substituted Asp-315 for alanine. These results suggest that caspase-4 directly activates caspase-9 by the processing of procaspase-9 at Asp-315 in ER stress–induced neuronal apoptosis. Keywords:: caspase-4, caspase-9, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress