Phytosanitary state of sowings in crop rotation sequence depending on tillage technologies of grey forestry soil

Abstract

The article presents the study of phytosanitary state of sowings depending on various tillage technologies (minimum, fine and surface) of grey forestry soil in comparison with the conventional technologies, based on under-winter (fall) plowing. Analyzing weed infestation of spring rape (colza), spring wheat and barley there was seen a tendency of decrease of annual weeds and increase of perennial weeds under decrease of tillage intensity. During stem formation of spring rape (colza) constant surface tillage produced the largest quantity of weeds; fine tillage with periodic loosening once two years gave the least quantity of weeds. At the boot stage spring wheat and barley sowings showed the largest amount of weeds after surface tillage (BDT-3) and the smallest on after plowing (control). The largest amount of weed seeds in a layer of 0-20 cm was in the variants with constant fine and surface tillage. The general infection of soil with root rots was higher after surface tillage and less after plowing. A comparatively high productivity of crops was obtained after fine tillage (KSN-3) with periodic loosening once two years.

Keywords

• минимальная обработка почвы
• поверхностная обработка почвы
• мелкая обработка почвы
• сорные растения
• семена сорных растений
• корневые гнили
• minimum tillage
• surface tillage
• fine tillage
• weeds
• weed seeds
• root rots