Subcellular localization of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in cancer: Does that matter?
BS Mendonça,
CA Ferreira,
RC Maia,
G Nestal de Moraes
Affiliations
BS Mendonça
Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular; Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Code: 20 230 130, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
CA Ferreira
Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular; Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Code: 20 230 130, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
RC Maia
Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular; Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Code: 20 230 130, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
G Nestal de Moraes
Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular; Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Code: 20 230 130, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 2° andar, room H2-003, Cidade Universitária, Code: 21 941 599, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, 2° andar, room H2-003, Cidade Universitária, Code: 21 941 599, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) finely tunes the balance between survival and death to control homeostasis. XIAP is found aberrantly expressed in cancer, which has been shown to promote resistance to therapy-induced apoptosis and confer poor outcome. Despite its predominant cytoplasmic localization in human tissues, growing evidence implicates the expression of XIAP in other subcellular compartments in sustaining cancer hallmarks. Herein, we review our current knowledge on the prognostic role of XIAP localization and discuss molecular mechanisms underlying differential biological functions played in each compartment. The comprehension of XIAP subcellular shuttling and functional dynamics might provide the rationale for future anticancer therapeutics.
