Discrimination of the Red Jujube Varieties Using a Portable NIR Spectrometer and Fuzzy Improved Linear Discriminant Analysis

Abstract

In order to quickly, nondestructively, and effectively distinguish red jujube varieties, based on the combination of fuzzy theory and improved LDA (iLDA), fuzzy improved linear discriminant analysis (FiLDA) algorithm was proposed to classify near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra of red jujube samples. FiLDA shows performs better than iLDA in dealing with NIR spectra containing noise. Firstly, the portable NIR spectrometer was employed to gather the NIR spectra of five kinds of red jujube, and the initial NIR spectra were pretreated by standard normal variate transformation (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky-Golay smoothing (S-G smoothing), mean centering (MC) and Savitzky-Golay filter (S-G filter). Secondly, the high-dimensional spectra were processed for dimension reduction by principal component analysis (PCA). Then, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), iLDA and FiLDA were applied to extract features from the NIR spectra, respectively. Finally, K nearest neighbor (KNN) served as a classifier for the classification of red jujube samples. The highest classification accuracy of this identification system for red jujube, by using FiLDA and KNN, was 94.4%. These results indicated that FiLDA combined with NIR spectroscopy was an available method for identifying the red jujube varieties and this method has wide application prospects.

Keywords

• red jujube
• near-infrared spectroscopy
• feature extraction
• fuzzy set theory
• classification