Direct amidation of non-activated phenylacetic acid and benzylamine derivatives catalysed by NiCl2

Abstract

This paper describes an eco-friendly and efficient direct amidation of benzylamine and phenylacetic acid derivatives in the presence of 10 mol% NiCl2 as catalyst without any drying agent. For the different phenylacetic acid and benzylamine derivatives, the direct catalysed amidation gave moderate-to-excellent yields in toluene. The steric and electronic effects of substituent groups on the phenyl ring of acid were crucial to the yields of the direct amidation. The catalyst NiCl2 can be recycled three times without loss of activity.

Keywords

• direct amidation
• nickel dichloride
• phenylacetic acid derivatives
• benzylamine derivatives