A gender-based study on the hierarchical correlation of various anatomical landmarks with the midline of face and commissure

Abstract

Background: The position of the dental midline is significant to enhance dentofacial esthetics. This study aimed to assess the closest anatomical landmark to the facial and mouth's midline applicable to dentate male and female Indian youths. Materials and Methods: A full-face photo of 100 males and 100 females with a broad smile showing visible anterior dentition was taken. An esthetic facial frame was developed digitally on the photographs taking the reference of facial anatomical landmarks. Relative facial midline values for nasion, the nose tip, the philtrum tip, and dental midline were obtained. The relative commissural midline value was obtained by dividing the variables by the constant. Statistical analysis: Data were statistically analyzed using the t-test. Results and Conclusions: Anatomic landmarks correlated with facial midline and with the inter-commissural midline (P 0.05). All the measurements were almost equal in males and females.

Keywords

• commissure
• dental midline
• facial midline
• nasion
• philtrum
• the tip of the nose