Prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes, pre-hypertension, and hypertension in children weighing more than normal

Abstract

Aim: Prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes, pre-hypertension (pre-HT), and hypertension (HT) in children weighing more than normal. Materials and Methods: Three- to eighteen-year old children weighing more than normal were included. Pathological short children were excluded. According to Centre for Disease Control (CDC), children are grouped into overweight (OW) and obese (OB). Indian B.P. reference tables are used for defining HT and pre-HT. [2] HbA1c by HPLC (BIO RAD) method was used to define pre-diabetes and diabetes. [3] Children with HbA1c ≥6.5 were subjected for Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT). C-peptide assay was done to rule out (r/o) IDDM. Observations: When we compare this with our earlier presentation at PEDICON 2011, we found that hypertension (HTN) (22.9% vs. 23.07%) is not significantly different but pre-HTN (28.09% vs. 33.9%), pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM) (3.7% vs. 64.3%), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (0.35% vs. 3.8%) are significantly high in this study. Conclusion: (1) Prevalence of HT (22.90% vs. 23.07%) is similar in both groups but pre-HT (33.9% vs. 28.09%) is high in this study. (2) Significant rise in prevalence of diabetes (3.84% vs. 0.35%) and pre-diabetes (64.33% vs. 3.7%) is seen in this study. (3) This change is because of using HbA1c as screening tool in children weighing more than normal.

Keywords

• Blood pressure
• Centre for disease control
• diabetes mellitus T2
• glucose tolerance test
• rule out
• hypertension
• overweight
• obese
• pre-diabetes mellitus
• pre-hypertension