Journal of Diabetes Investigation (Dec 2021)

Evaluation of change in metabolome caused by comprehensive diabetes treatment: A prospective observational study of diabetes inpatients with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry‐based non‐target metabolomic analysis

  • Naohiro Taya,
  • Naoto Katakami,
  • Kazuo Omori,
  • Shoya Arakawa,
  • Shigero Hosoe,
  • Hirotaka Watanabe,
  • Mitsuyoshi Takahara,
  • Kazuyuki Miyashita,
  • Hitoshi Nishizawa,
  • Taka‐Aki Matsuoka,
  • Masahiro Furuno,
  • Takeshi Bamba,
  • Junko Iida,
  • Eiichiro Fukusaki,
  • Iichiro Shimomura

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13600
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 12
pp. 2232 – 2241

Abstract

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Abstract Aims/Introduction Diabetes patients develop a variety of metabolic abnormalities in addition to hyperglycemia. However, details regarding change in various metabolites after comprehensive diabetes treatment remain unknown. This study aimed to identify the short‐term change in metabolome in inpatients who were subject to comprehensive diabetes treatment, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry‐based non‐target metabolomics techniques. Materials and Methods Participants of the present study were randomly recruited from the patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized due to problems with glycemic control (n = 31) and volunteers without diabetes (n = 30), both of whom were aged between 20 and 75 years. A metabolomic analysis of fasting plasma samples on the 2nd (pre‐treatment) and 16th hospital (post‐treatment) day with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using a multiple reaction monitoring mode was carried out. Results A principal component analysis showed that metabolome of fasting plasma was different between individuals with and without diabetes. The metabolome of fasting plasma in diabetes patients after treatment was different from that of pre‐treatment, as well as individuals without diabetes. Many amino acids (proline, glycine, serine, threonine, methionine, pyroglutamic acid, glutamine and lysine) were significantly increased by >10% after administering the inpatient diabetes treatment. A hierarchical clustering analysis showed that in the case of patients with markedly decreased monosaccharide levels and increased 1,5‐anhydroglucitol, the levels of amino acids increased more significantly. Conclusions After a 2‐week comprehensive treatment, the plasma levels of various amino acids increased in conjunction with the reduction in monosaccharide levels in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients.

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