Nanomaterials (May 2022)

Highly Sensitive Nanomagnetic Quantification of Extracellular Vesicles by Immunochromatographic Strips: A Tool for Liquid Biopsy

  • Vera A. Bragina,
  • Elena Khomyakova,
  • Alexey V. Orlov,
  • Sergey L. Znoyko,
  • Elizaveta N. Mochalova,
  • Liliia Paniushkina,
  • Victoria O. Shender,
  • Thalia Erbes,
  • Evgeniy G. Evtushenko,
  • Dmitry V. Bagrov,
  • Victoria N. Lavrenova,
  • Irina Nazarenko,
  • Petr I. Nikitin

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091579
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 9
p. 1579

Abstract

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising agents for liquid biopsy—a non-invasive approach for the diagnosis of cancer and evaluation of therapy response. However, EV potential is limited by the lack of sufficiently sensitive, time-, and cost-efficient methods for their registration. This research aimed at developing a highly sensitive and easy-to-use immunochromatographic tool based on magnetic nanoparticles for EV quantification. The tool is demonstrated by detection of EVs isolated from cell culture supernatants and various body fluids using characteristic biomarkers, CD9 and CD81, and a tumor-associated marker—epithelial cell adhesion molecules. The detection limit of 3.7 × 105 EV/µL is one to two orders better than the most sensitive traditional lateral flow system and commercial ELISA kits. The detection specificity is ensured by an isotype control line on the test strip. The tool’s advantages are due to the spatial quantification of EV-bound magnetic nanolabels within the strip volume by an original electronic technique. The inexpensive tool, promising for liquid biopsy in daily clinical routines, can be extended to other relevant biomarkers.

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