Resources of the Manchurian pheasant (Phasianus colchicus pallasi) in the Amur region

Abstract

This article is based on the materials of long-term (2000-2019) data of winter route census (WMA) of the Manchurian pheasant population inhabiting the Amur Region. The main limiting factors causing fluctuations in the number of these bird species have been identified. The spatial distribution of birds by habitat within the range in the study area is considered. In winter, the main ecological factors that determine the features of the spatial distribution and the success of wintering of grouse birds in a sharply continental climate with monsoon features are the presence and abundance of available food and the state of the snow cover. In some cases, it is deep snow that determines the success of bird wintering. At night, at extremely low temperatures and strong winds, birds die from a lack of snow cover: either the snow cover is not deep enough, or a crust is formed (when thawing / due to wind). In the spring-summer period, the main limiting factors for birds that survived the winter are weather and climatic conditions that affect the survival of clutch and young stock; natural emergencies (fires, floods, floods, etc.), diseases, anthropogenic factors, etc.