A cross‐sectional study on evaluation of complete blood count‐associated parameters for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

Abstract

Abstract Background and aims Acute appendicitis is one of the common causes of abdominal surgeries, however, the rate of negative appendectomy is as high as 20% as the diagnosis of appendicitis is challenging. The study aimed to evaluate complete blood count (CBC)‐associated parameters among positive and negative appendectomy patients and determine their diagnostic importance. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, patients who suspected of acute appendicitis were included. Preoperative blood samples taken from these patients for a complete blood count. Following parameters evaluated from their CBC: white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio, platelets‐to‐lymphocytes ratio, red cell distribution width (RDW), and platelet distribution width (PDW). These parameters analyzed for the positive and negative appendectomy patients using statistical analysis. Results Of 200 patients included in the study, 30 patients (15%) underwent negative appendectomy. The mean neutrophils, WBC, red blood cells, neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes, and platelets‐to‐lymphocytes ratio was significantly high among positive appendectomy patients, (P < .05), whereas MPV to platelet ratio was significantly less in this group. The highest diagnostic power for the diagnosis of appendicitis was of neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio with the sensitivity of 83.5% and the specificity of 90%. Conclusion The findings of our study indicate that neutrophils‐to‐lymphocytes ratio alone is not sufficient for preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis and other CBC‐related parameters did not have good sensitivity and specificity. Further studies are therefore required in this area.

Keywords

• acute appendicitis
• appendectomy
• CBC
• lymphocytes
• neutrophils
• parameters