Communications Earth & Environment (Oct 2024)

Island change framework defines dominant modes of atoll island dynamics in response to environmental change

  • Paul S. Kench,
  • Meghna Sengupta,
  • Murray R. Ford,
  • Susan D. Owen

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01757-1
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 5, no. 1
pp. 1 – 9

Abstract

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Abstract Climatic change threatens the persistence of atoll islands and the cultural and ecosystem services they support. However, adaptation and ecosystem management are constrained by lack of knowledge of island-specific transformations. We present an empirically-based island change framework that characterises the physical trajectory of islands, based on high-resolution shoreline analysis on 509 atoll islands in the central Pacific over the past half-century. Using changes in island size and position we identify seven distinct styles of island transformation in the Pacific, including contraction (21.4%), stability (46.1%) and expansion (32.4%), and show that 40% of islands are currently mobile on reef surfaces. Results challenge the framing of islands as erosional, which misrepresents island behaviour and constrains understanding of island futures. The island change framework highlights a broader set of island-specific management considerations, and opportunities, that scale with the style and rate of island change, and provides an empirical basis to inform management.