α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Anti-Oxidant, and Anti-Hyperglycemic Effects of –Ham. in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats
Muhammad Younus,
Muhammad Mohtasheem ul Hasan,
Khalil Ahmad,
Ali Sharif,
Hafiz Muhammad Asif,
Muhammad Rahil Aslam,
Ihsan ul Haq,
Zulfiqar Ahmad
Affiliations
Muhammad Younus
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad Mohtasheem ul Hasan
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
Khalil Ahmad
Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Ali Sharif
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Hafiz Muhammad Asif
Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad Rahil Aslam
Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Ihsan ul Haq
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Zulfiqar Ahmad
Department of Food Science and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
In this study, we aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effects of Euphorbia nivulia (En) , native to Cholistan Desert area of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. First, we performed high-performance liquid chromatography analysis and found that this plant contains ferulic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, benzoic acid, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Then, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies to assess its effects on diabetic Wistar rat model. The experiments were performed and compared with control drug glibenclamide. The 70% hydroalcoholic extract of En exhibited 97.8% in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory effect at a dose of 1.0 mg/mL. We orally administered the extract of En and control drug to the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and analyzed its antidiabetic effects. We found that the extract of En with a dose of 500 mg/kg/body weight exhibited significant effect to reduce blood glucose in STZ-induced rats as compared with the control group ( P < .001). Our histological data also showed that the extract significantly improved the histopathology of pancreas. Collectively, both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that En possesses α-glucosidase inhibitory, antioxidant, and anti-hyperglycemic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
