Effectiveness of pediatric asthma education program in the context of a general hospital in France: A retrospective real-life study

Abstract

Objective: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a pediatric asthma education program delivered in the context of a French suburban general hospital. Design: Monocentric retrospective study including children with asthma in Melun, Île-de-France, from January to December 2019. Data collected concerned asthma management, symptoms, education, and knowledge. Results: We included 262 patients with a median age of 4.5 years. Asthma education (AE) was taught to 226 (86 %) children, 36 with minimal education (ME), 155 (69 %) with an unstructured asthma education program (USEP) and 71 (31 %) a structured asthma education program (SEP). Patients with an SEP had better knowledge of the disease and its treatment as compared with those with a USEP or ME (p < 0.05). Lung function was evaluated for 70 % of children with ME, 90 % with a USEP (p = 0.144) and 77 % an SEP (p = 0.455). Allergy testing was assessed for 42 % of children with ME, 69 % a USEP (p = 0.020) and 57 % an SEP (p = 0.185). Almost all children with USEP (93 %) and SEP (94 %) also had a written asthma action plan as compared with 49 % of the children with ME (p < 0.001). Also, 76 % of children with ME did not have an asthma follow-up as compared with 37 % with a USEP and 52 % an SEP. Overall, 69 % of children with ME had at least one hospitalization within the year as compared with 32 % with a USEP (p = 0.001) and 59 % an SEP (p = 0.506). Conclusions: An asthma education program delivered in a general hospital resulted in increased disease knowledge for children and their caregivers, together with reduced acute interventions.

Keywords

• Asthma
• Educational program
• Follow-up
• Care pathway