Atmospheric Gravity Wave Potential Energy Observed by Rayleigh Lidar above Jiuquan (40° N, 95° E), China
Weibo Zhao,
Xiong Hu,
Zhaoai Yan,
Weilin Pan,
Wenjie Guo,
Junfeng Yang,
Xiaoyong Du
Affiliations
Weibo Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Xiong Hu
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Zhaoai Yan
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Weilin Pan
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
Wenjie Guo
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Junfeng Yang
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Xiaoyong Du
Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100029, China
Two years of observational data from the 532 nm Rayleigh lidar were used to study the vertical profile characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave potential energy density (GWPED) between 40–80 km above Jiuquan (40° N, 95° E) for the first time. The atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) characteristics are presented in terms of the atmospheric relative temperature perturbation, along with the estimated annual and seasonal GWPED with high spatial and temporal resolution (0.5 km and 1 h). The annual potential energy mass density Epm and volume density Epv vertical profiles show that the GWPED in the upper mesosphere is close to the adiabatic growth rate. The seasonal vertical profiles result shows that Epm is higher in autumn–winter than in spring–summer in all the observed altitudes. The GWPED approaches adiabatic growth above 61 and 65 km in spring–summer and autumn–winter, respectively. The AGWs severely dissipate below the turning altitudes and transfer energy into the background atmosphere. The GWPED scale heights show that the AGWs dissipation rate of spring–summer is close to that of autumn–winter. Furthermore, based on the wind data from SD–WACCM, the influence of critical level filtering on AGWs is discussed. It plays an important role in affecting the seasonal variation in GWPED.
