Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of <i>Aconitum chasmanthum</i> Stapf ex Holmes Wild Rhizome Extracts
Shah Rafiq,
Nasir Aziz Wagay,
Hosam O. Elansary,
Mansoor Ahmad Malik,
Irshad Ahmad Bhat,
Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo,
Abdul Hadi,
Abed Alataway,
Ahmed Z. Dewidar,
Ahmed M. El-Sabrout,
Kowiyou Yessoufou,
Eman A. Mahmoud
Affiliations
Shah Rafiq
Plant Tissue Culture and Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
Nasir Aziz Wagay
Department of Botany, Government Degree College Baramulla (Boys), Baramulla 193101, India
Hosam O. Elansary
Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Mansoor Ahmad Malik
Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India
Irshad Ahmad Bhat
Plant Tissue Culture and Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo
Plant Tissue Culture and Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
Abdul Hadi
Plant Tissue Culture and Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
Abed Alataway
Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Z. Dewidar
Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed M. El-Sabrout
Department of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
Kowiyou Yessoufou
Department of Geography, Environmental Management, and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
Eman A. Mahmoud
Department of Food Industries, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt
Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes, an essential and critically endangered medicinal plant from Kashmir Himalayas, was studied for its antioxidant and antifungal properties. The shade-dried powdered rhizome was extracted sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. These subsequent fractions were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC); total flavonoid content (TFC); antioxidant assays, such as 1,1-diphenyl 1-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH); ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); superoxide radical scavenging (SOR); hydroxyl radical scavenging (OH) and antifungal activity using the poisoned food technique. Highest TPC (5.26 ± 0.01 mg/g) and TFC (2.92 ± 0.04 mg/g) were reported from methanolic extracts. The highest values of radical scavenging activities were also observed in methanolic extracts with IC50 values of 163.71 ± 2.69 μg/mL in DPPH, 173.69 ± 4.91 μg/mL in SOR and 159.64 ± 2.43 μg/mL in OH. The chemical profile of ethyl acetate extract was tested using HR-LCMS. Methanolic extracts also showed a promising inhibition against Aspergillus niger (66.18 ± 1.03), Aspergillus flavus (78.91 ± 1.19) and Penicillium notatum (83.14 ± 0.97) at a 15% culture filtrate concentration with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 230 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL and 190 μg/mL, respectively. Overall, the methanolic fractions showed significant biological potential, and its pure isolates might be used to construct a potential new medicinal source.
