Pengaruh Penambahan Asam Amino Lisin pada Pakan Komersil terhadap Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Pakan, Pertumbuhan, dan Kelulushidupan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

Reducing feed cost in the vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation can be achieved by increasing quality of commercial feed. To increase the feed quality is by adding lysine amino acid, because lysine is one of the amino acids that can boost fish growth, in turn it can shorten the cultivation cycle. The objectives of the study were to analyze effects and optimum dosages of lysine addition in the feed on feed efficiency utilization, growth and survival rate of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei). The study used shrimp juveniles with the average size of 3±0,09 g/shrimp. Test feed in the study was a commercial feed in the form of pellets that was enriched with lysine (L-lysine HCl). The amount of lysine was appropriated to the treatment dosages, namelys 0%/kg feed (A); 0,75 %/kg feed (B); 1,5%/kg feed (C); 2,25%/kg feed (D) and 3%/kg feed (E). Feeding the shrimp was based on fixed feeding rate as much as 10% of biomass weight per day and given 4 (four) times a day. The results whow that the addition of lysine in the feed significantly (P<0,01) affected on the SGR, EPP, FCR, and PER; otherwise, it did not significantly affect on the survival rate of vaname shrimp. Meanwhile, the optimum dosages of lysine amino acids added into the feed were 2,33%, 2,39%, 2,37%, and 2,09% for SGR, EPP, FCR, and PER respectively. Those dosages resulted in the maxium values of 4,72%/day, 81,35%, 1,23, and 2,57 for SGR, EPP, FCR, and PER respectively. Penurunan biaya operasional pakan dalam siklus kegiatan budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kualitas pakan komersial. Penambahan asam amino lisin pada pakan komersial dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pakan, dikarena lisin merupakan salah satu asam amino dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan sehingga memperpendek masa produksi kultivan yang dibudidayakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh dan dosis optimum penambahan lisin pada pakan komersil terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan, dan kelulushidupan udang vaname (L. vannamei). Penelitian ini menggunakan juvenile udang vaname berukuran 3±0,09 g/ekor. Pakan uji dalam penelitian ini adalah pakan komersil berbentuk pellet yang ditambahkan lisin (L-lysine HCl) sesuai dosis tiap perlakuan yaitu 0%/kg pakan (A); 0,75 %/kg pakan (B); 1,5%/kg pakan (C); 2,25%/kg pakan (D) dan 3%/kg pakan (E). Pakan uji diberikan dengan metode fix feeding rate sebanyak 10%/bobot biomassa/hari dan frekuensi pakan yang diberikan sebanyak 4 kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan lisin pada pakan komersial berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap SGR, EPP, FCR, dan PER akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelulushidupan udang vaneme. Dosis optimal asam amino lisin dalam pakan komersial udang vaname untuk SGR sebesar 2,33%, EPP sebesar 2,39%, FCR sebesar 2,37% dan PER sebesar 2,09% menghasilkan SGR maksimal sebesar 4,72%/hari, EPP maksimal sebesar 81,35%, FCR maksimal sebesar 1,23, dan PER maksimal sebesar 2,57.

Keywords

• litopenaeus vannamei
• lysine
• growth
• survival