A study of antimicrobial and antifungal activity of 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetates

Abstract

Bacteria and fungi are among the most ancient creatures found on Earth. Since the advent of medicine, humankind has always sought new means and ways to combat these microorganisms. In modern scientific society, the tendency to seek new antimicrobial and antifungal agents is only increasing. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, among which effective drugs and new molecules have already been found, make quite an interesting platform for the creation of new antifungal and antimicrobial agents. A promising direction for the search for antimicrobial and antifungal agents are 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetates. The aim of work was the investigation of antimicrobial and antifungal activity among new 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetates. Materials and methods. The substances were synthesized at the Department of Natural Sciences for International Students and Toxicological Chemistry. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the newly synthesized 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetates was studied with the method of serial dilutions. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 885–653 were used as a set of standard test strains. Results. As a result, the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of 14 new compounds was investigated. The most active compounds with antifungal effect are IIf–IIh. Substances IIf–IIh and IIj, IIk have moderate antimicrobial effect to P. aeruginosae. Conclusions. Some results are obtained regarding “structure – antimicrobial and antifungal effect” dependence: the replacement of the ethyl radical with phenyl or methyl in the fourth position of the 1,2,4-triazole cycle in the 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-R-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate acid molecule results in reduction of the antimicrobial effect; сonversion to 2-((5-(2-bromophenyl)-4-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate salts and the choice of dimethylammonium as cation leads to an increase in the antimicrobial and antifungal effect.

Keywords

• antimicrobial activity
• antifungal activity
• triazoles
• acids
• salts
• heterocyclic compounds