Entropy generation analysis for hybrid nanofluid mobilized by peristalsis with an inclined magnetic field

Abstract

The purpose of the present study is to analyse the entropy generation for the hybrid nanofluid mobilised by peristalsis. The hybrid nanoliquid is suspension of copper ( Cu ) and iron-oxide ( F e 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles in water. Impacts of magnetic field, Joule heating, mixed convection, heat source/sink and viscous dissipation are reckoned. Governing set of equations are simplified by using lubrication approach. Obtained system of differential equations are solved numerically. Special attention is paid to analyse the effects of hybrid nanomaterial, Hartman and Grashoff numbers on entropy generation, Bejan number, axial velocity, temperature, heat transmission rate at walls, pressure gradient, skin friction, Nusselt number. Flow behaviour is visualised through streamlines. The study reveals that velocity and temperature decrease on increasing the volume fraction of solid nanomaterials. Higher Grashoff and Hartman numbers augment both velocity and temperature. Better heat transfer performance is recorded for strong Hartman number. M and Gr improve Entropy generation and Bejan number. Higher Hartman number causes decrement in pressure gradient. Addition of nanoparticles concentration reduces skin friction. High flow rate increases trapping phenomenon.