Armaghane Danesh Bimonthly Journal (Apr 2009)
Birth Injuries and Related Risk Factors in Neonates Born in Emam Sajjad Hospital in Yasuj in 2005 to 2006
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: The first days of life has the highest risk in everyone’s life and the mortality rate in these days is equal to the mortality rate of the whole life. One of the causes of mortality in these days is birth injuries. Determining the type and incidence of birth injuries and their risk factors can be useful in reducing the mortality rate in neonates. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 2005 neonates who were born in Imam Sajad Hospital in Yasouj/ Iran, between the years 2005 to 2006 were studied. The rate of birth injuries and their risk factors were evaluated. Collected data were analysed by SPSS software using chi-squar test. Results: Out of 2005 neonates, 70.4% born by NVD and 29.6% by cesarian section. The study showed that 10.8% of NVD and 3.7% of cesarian section neonates had birth injuries. Two hundered and four of these injuries which occured in 175 of neonates were incude: capute succedaneom (36.7%), sub conjectival hemorrhage (27.9%), cephal hematoma (10.2%), facial erythema and abrasion (8.8%), facial echymosis (6.3%), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (3.4%), brachial plexus palsy (3.4%), clavicular fractures (1.4%), facial nerve palsy (0.4%) and other skin lesions (0.9%). Risk factors were included NVD (difficult vaginal delivery), high gestation age, and low Apgar score at first minute of life, shoulder dystocia, vacuum and birth at night. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the incidence of birth injuries in this area is high. Considering the serious complications of birth injuries and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy with no treatment for some cases, it seems that using the preventing methods to reduce the prevalence of birth injuries is nessesary
