Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus-Related Amputations in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil
Wendel Jose Teixeira Costa,
Nilson Penha-Silva,
Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra,
Ismar Paulo dos Santos,
José Lucas Souza Ramos,
Jonathan Mendes de Castro,
Júlio Eduardo Gomes Pereira,
Alan Patrício da Silva,
Adilson Monteiro,
Luiz Carlos de Abreu
Affiliations
Wendel Jose Teixeira Costa
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
Nilson Penha-Silva
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Instituto de Biotecnologia. Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38400-000, Brasil
Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
Ismar Paulo dos Santos
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
José Lucas Souza Ramos
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
Jonathan Mendes de Castro
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
Júlio Eduardo Gomes Pereira
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo 01246-000, Brasil
Alan Patrício da Silva
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo 01246-000, Brasil
Adilson Monteiro
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo 01246-000, Brasil
Luiz Carlos de Abreu
Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (EMESCAM), Vitória/Espírito Santo 29045-402, Brasil
Background and objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) stands out among the most important public health problems worldwide since it represents a high burden on health systems and is associated with higher hospitalization rates, and a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Amputations are among the most common complications, leading to disability and increasing care costs. This research aims to analyze the prevalence of DM-related amputations, comorbidities and associated risk factors in the diabetic population residing in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative, exploratory, cross-sectional study with a time series design and the use of secondary data registered and followed by the system of Registration and Monitoring of Hypertension and Diabetes—SisHiperdia. Results: The sample consisted of 64,196 diabetic patients, out of them, 3.9% had type 1 DM, 10.9% with type 2 DM, and 85.2% with DM coexisting with hypertension. Most were female (66.6%), aged 40 to 59 years (45.6%), and 60 years and older (45.2%). The prevalence of DM-related amputations in the analyzed sample was 1.2% in type 1 DM, 1.5% in type 2 DM, and 2.2% in concomitant DM and hypertension. Higher amputation rates were observed in males in the age group above 60 years in type 1 DM and type 2 DM and were slightly higher in the age groups up to 29 years in DM with hypertension. A higher prevalence of amputation was related to smoking, physical inactivity, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic foot (DF) in all types of DM. Conclusions: The present study showed a significant prevalence of DM-related amputations. An increased prevalence was evidenced when correlated with smoking, physical inactivity, AMI, stroke, CKD, and DF with significant statistical associations, except for a sedentary lifestyle in type 1 DM.
