Мать и дитя в Кузбассе (Aug 2020)
RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY PRETERM LABOUR AND THEIR DYNAMICS IN WOMEN OF THE SLAVIC POPULATION
Abstract
The aim of the research. To determine the risk factors for spontaneous early preterm birth and their dynamics for the period 2005-2019 in women of the Slavic population. Materials and methods. Women of the Slavic population with a history of spontaneous early preterm birth for the period 2005-2006 were included in a retrospective simultaneous (transverse) study. The study was performed in the Perinatal Centre of the Altai Region, Barnaul – the clinical base of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Altai State Medical University. In 2018-2019 a similar clinical and statistical analysis of cases of preterm birth was carried out on the base of the Altai State Clinical Perinatal Center. The main group I consisted of 186 women who were delivered at 28-33.6 weeks of gestation in 2005-2006, the main group II consisted of 67 women, delivered at the same gestational age in 2018-2019. The control group was represented by 107 women with spontaneous term delivery. Based on an analytical case-control study, risk factors for early preterm birth were identified. Results. It was found that socio-demographic risk factors for spontaneous early preterm birth are: young (OR 7.3; 95% CI 0.93-57.0) and late reproductive age (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.24-4 , 55), hard physical work (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.15-4.00), extramarital birth (OR 5.9; 95% CI 1.36-26.17). Medical and biological risk factors are chronic inflammatory diseases of the otolaryngologic sphere (OR 4.9; 95% CI 2.01-11.98), urinary tract (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.04-4.01), socially significant infections (OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.11-8.17), smoking (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.09-4.59), history of artificial abortions (OR 5.7 95 % CI 2.93-11.14), preterm labour (OR 5.6; 95% CI 1.27-24.73) and miscarriage (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.82-7.77). The study of dynamic changes in the risk factors for the period 2005-2019 demonstrated an increase in single women of late reproductive age with a personal history of preterm labor. Conclusion. Analysis and accounting of risk factors for spontaneous early preterm birth allows to perform differentiated preventive measures before and during pregnancy.
