Prevalence of Risk Factors in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Damascus_Syria: A Retrospective Cross‐Sectional Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objectives This study aims to determine the prevalence of risk factors among patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in Syrian society. Methods This study is a retrospective cross‐sectional study, patients' data were collected from four hospitals. Cross‐tabulation tables and the χ2 test were used to show the relationship between gender/age and the prevalence of risk factors, demonstrate statistical significance, and calculate p value. Results From a total of 194 patients included in the study, there were 123 males, accounting for 63.4% of the patients, while there were 71 females, accounting for 36.6%. The most common risk factor among intracerebral hemorrhage patients was hypertension at 44.8% of the total patients, followed by antithrombotic use at 25.8%, smoking at 19.1%, diabetes at 15.5%, and hematological diseases making up 9.3% of the patients, whereas in age groups under 10 years, various hematological diseases were the most prevalent risk factors at 42.5%, followed by prematurity at 27.5%, and hyaline membrane disease at 15%. The study showed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of risk factors between males and females except for smoking. However, the results revealed a significant difference in the distribution of risk factors according to age for Smoking, hypertension, antithrombotic use, diabetes, arteriovenous malformation, hyaline membrane disease, hematological diseases, and prematurity (p < 0.05). Conclusion The study showed that hypertension and antithrombotic use are the most important risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage, so controlling arterial pressure and periodic tests such as platelet count/PT/PTT are gold roles in preventing intracerebral hemorrhage.

Keywords

• antithrombotic use
• Damascus
• hypertension
• intracerebral hemorrhage
• prematurity
• risk factors