American Cranberry (<i>Oxycoccus macrocarpus</i> (Ait.) Pursh) Leaves Extract and Its Amino-Acids Preparation: The Phytochemical and Pharmacological Study
Oleh Koshovyi,
Inna Vlasova,
Valdas Jakštas,
Gabrielė Vilkickytė,
Vaidotas Žvikas,
Roman Hrytsyk,
Lyubov Grytsyk,
Ain Raal
Affiliations
Oleh Koshovyi
Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
Inna Vlasova
Department of Pharmacognosy, The National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska St, 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
Valdas Jakštas
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Gabrielė Vilkickytė
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Vaidotas Žvikas
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Roman Hrytsyk
Department of Pharmaceutical Management, Drug Technology and Pharmacognosy, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2 Halytska Str., 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Lyubov Grytsyk
Department of Pharmaceutical Management, Drug Technology and Pharmacognosy, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2 Halytska Str., 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Ain Raal
Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
The liver is an organ with several important biofunctions, for which there are very few effective and safe preparations that promote the functioning, protection, and regeneration of cells. Sufficiently safe preparations with hepatoprotective activity can be found in plants. The aim of our study was to investigate the chemical composition of an extract made from American cranberry (Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pursh) leaves and its amino-acids preparations as well as their possible hepatoprotective activity. Using the UPLC-MS/MS method, we identified 19 phenolic compounds (8 flavonoids (flavones and flavonols), 4 anthocyanins, 3 hydroxycinnamic acids, and 2 catechins). The prophylactic and therapeutic administration of the American cranberry-leaves extracts led to a decrease in the lipid-peroxidation process during a study of tetrachloromethane acute toxic damage in the liver of rats. As a result of animal studies, the most effective hepatoprotective activity was found in the extract preparations with valine and arginine.
