Molecules (May 2022)

Towards Asymmetrical Methylene Blue Analogues: Synthesis and Reactivity of 3-<i>N</i>′-Arylaminophenothiazines

  • Alena Khadieva,
  • Mansur Rayanov,
  • Ksenia Shibaeva,
  • Alexandr Piskunov,
  • Pavel Padnya,
  • Ivan Stoikov

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27093024
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 27, no. 9
p. 3024

Abstract

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The search for new ways to obtain analogues of the well-known Methylene Blue dye is an important synthetic task. Herein, we proposed and developed an approach to the synthesis of 3-N′-arylaminophenothiazines and asymmetrical 3,7-di(N′-arylamino)phenothiazines. This approach included the optimization of synthetic strategy by quantification analysis of the positive charge distribution in the cation of 3-N′-arylaminophenothiazine derivative. The obtained experimental data are confirmed by DFT studies. Two synthetic routes for asymmetrical phenothiazine diarylamino derivatives were suggested and verified. The developed convenient and versatile synthetic approach makes it easy to obtain aromatic Methylene Blue isostructural analogues with various substituents. As a result, a series of novel 3-N′-arylaminophenothiazines and asymmetrical 3,7-di(N′-arylamino)phenothiazines containing ester, tert-butoxycarbonyl, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl and amine groups were obtained in high yields.

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