Hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Morocco (EPIDIAM Study)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In Morocco, there are no studies that focused on the hypertension and its associated risk factors through patients with type 2 diabetes. Different findings show that the frequency of type 2 diabetes has risen rapidly in Morocco. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among a group of patients with type 2 diabetes and to examine the level of control of hypertension among type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 525 type 2 diabetics in three Moroccan regions. The structured questionnaire was used to gather information on sociodemographic variables, history of hypertension, use of anti-hypertensive medications and duration of diabetes. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height were measured by trained staff. Blood pressure was measured using standardized sphygmomanometers. RESULTS:The prevalence of hypertension was 70.4%. The logistic regression indicated that hypertension was positively associated with age (pless than 10-4), BMI (p less than 0.0002) and duration of diabetes (p less than 0.004). Of those who had been diagnosed hypertensive, 38.8% were not aware about hypertension. Hypertension was not controlled to the recommended levels of blood pressure in about 82.8% of patients. CONCLUSION: Hypertension is a common co-morbidity among Moroccan diabetic patients with high rate of ignorance of hypertension among study subjects. The focus must be on patients and family education, counseling and behavioral interventions designed to modify lifestyle such as increasing physical activity and adopting recommended dietary changes, as well as compliance with medications.

Keywords

• hypertension
• diabetes
• morocco
• risk factors
• anthropometric measurements
• cross-sectional survey